Watch the video about Heart Transplant Surgeon at Apollo Hospitals Dr Gokhale interview in Teja TV part 2. Cardiovascular surgery is surgery on the heart and/or great vessels performed by cardiac surgeons. Frequently, it is done to treat complications of ischemic heart disease, correct congenital heart disease, or treat vascular heart disease from various causes including endocarditic, rheumatic heart disease and atherosclerosis. It also includes heart transplantation.