Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (TAPVR)

Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) is a cardiovascular genetic disorder in which the veins carrying blood from the lungs don’t connect properly to the left atrium. Instead, they travel to the heart via an erroneous connection.

In this cardiac defect, the pulmonary veins that also go by the name the lung blood arteries, are connected to the improper location inside the heart. Typically, blood that is enriched with oxygen present in the lungs travels to the heart’s upper left chamber also known as the left atrium which then is pumped throughout the body.

An abnormal venous connection in TAPVR conducts blood via the right atrium [a heart chamber present in the upper right region of the organ] where the blood that is depleted of oxygen is fused. Therefore, the blood carrying oxygen to various parts of the body is inadequate.

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Causes of TAPVR

Blood is carried from the right ventricle towards the lungs for oxygenation in normal circulation. It then travels to the left side of the heart through the pulmonary veins, in which it is distributed throughout the body through the use of the aorta.

In TAPVR, oxygen-rich blood rushes from the lungs to the vein going into the right atrium instead of returning to the left side of the heart. In other words, blood never leaves the body and just circulates between the lungs. To summarise in simpler terms, the cause of this disease is not fully known.

Symptoms of TAPVR

If an individual is affected by TAPVR, then they face breathing issues and may appear to be blue as limited oxygen present within the blood travels to the body. This may also happen when the blood flow through the pulmonary veins is restricted or blocked.

A physician may notice TAPVR signs and markers immediately after birth. However, some youngsters do not show any symptoms until they are considerably older.

Diagnosis of TAPVR

In the majority of instances, echocardiography is performed to determine the total aberrant pulmonary venous return. The test allows us to project a picture of the individual’s heart with the use and assistance of sound wave technology. Echocardiograms can detect pulmonary veins, heart holes, and the diameters of the chambers of the heart. It also measures the circulation of the blood.

Treatment of TAPVR

A surgically correctable defect is total aberrant pulmonary venous circulation. The timing of operative treatment is determined by the kind of full abnormal pulmonary venous return and the child’s overall health. Seeing a doctor who specialises in this area. Dr Alla Gopala Krishna Gokhale, is the best heart transplant surgeon in India he can help you to overcome this issue.

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Conclusion

Overall, this disease is alarming and must be dealt with under careful and professional medical supervision. Due to the sensitivity of the matter, if any step in the procedure goes wrong, then that can prove to be disastrous for the patient’s life!

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